Recent research by an international team of scientists has shed new light on a powerful solar storm that occurred in February 1872. This event, known as the Chapman-Silverman storm, had a global impact, causing auroras visible even in distant locations such as Italy and Texas, and disrupting telegraphic communication worldwide.

The analysis of this event is significant because the 1872 storm was one of the strongest recorded in history. It triggered auroras visible even near the equator, in places like Bombay and Khartoum. This historical phenomenon provides valuable information about the dynamics of solar storms and their impact on Earth.

Associate Professor Hisashi Hayakawa, the lead author of the study, emphasizes that in modern times, as our society becomes increasingly dependent on technology, such phenomena can have catastrophic consequences. Solar storms can damage power grids, communication systems, aircraft, and satellites. Even brief disruptions in energy supply can cause serious disturbances in society.

The research indicates that solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which cause solar storms, are more common phenomena than previously thought. Researchers also analyzed other significant events, such as the Carrington storm of 1859 and the railroad storm in New York in 1921.

The analysis of the Chapman-Silverman storm was made possible through the collaboration of an interdisciplinary team of 22 scientists from nine countries. Led by researchers from Nagoya University, the National Solar Observatory, and the Royal Observatory of Belgium, the team utilized historical data and modern research techniques to analyze the storm from its origins on the Sun to its effects on Earth.

Professor Hayakawa emphasizes the importance of recognizing the vulnerability of our technological infrastructure to solar storms. He underscores the need for further research and preparations to mitigate the potential consequences of future extreme solar storms.

The study of the Chapman-Silverman storm provides valuable insights into the past and serves as a warning for the future. Recognizing the growing dependence on technology, understanding potential threats from solar storms becomes crucial. By learning from historical events and increasing our knowledge of solar activity, we can better protect our societies from the impacts of these natural phenomena.